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''Pachyrhizus erosus'', commonly known as jicama (; Spanish ''jícama'' ; from Nahuatl ''xīcamatl'', ), Mexican yam bean, or Mexican turnip, is the name of a native Mexican vine, although the name most commonly refers to the plant's edible tuberous root. Jícama is a species in the genus ''Pachyrhizus'' in the bean family (Fabaceae). Plants in this genus are commonly referred to as yam bean, although the term "yam bean" can be another name for jícama. The other major species of yam beans are also indigenous within the Americas. Flowers, either blue or white, and pods similar to lima beans, are produced on fully developed plants. Several species of jicama occur, but the one found in () markets is ''Pachyrhizus erosus''. The two cultivated forms of ''P. erosus'' are ''jicama de agua'' and ''jicama de leche''. The latter has an elongated root and milky juice. The ''agua'' form has a top-shaped to oblate root, a translucent juice, and is the preferred form for market. 〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://globalbhasin.blogspot.com/2012/07/globalization-of-foods-jicama.html )〕 ==Botany== Other names for jicama include Mexican potato, ''ahipa'', ''saa got'', and Chinese potato. In Ecuador and Peru, the name ''jicama'' is used for the unrelated ''yacón'' or Peruvian ground apple, a plant of the sunflower family whose tubers are also used as food.〔 The jícama vine can reach a height of 4–5 m given suitable support. Its root can attain lengths of up to 2 m and weigh up to 20 kg. The heaviest jícama root ever recorded weighed 23 kg and was found in 2010 in the Philippines (where they are called ''singkamas'').〔 Jicama is frost-tender and requires 9 months without frost for a good harvest of large tubers or to grow it commercially. It is worth growing in cooler areas that have at least five months without frost, as it will still produce tubers, but they will be smaller. Warm, temperate areas with at least five months without frost can start seed 8 to 10 weeks before the last spring frost. Bottom heat is recommended, as the seeds require warm temperatures to germinate, so the pots will need to be kept in a warm place. Jicama is unsuitable for areas with a short growing season unless cultured in a greenhouse. Tropical areas can sow seed anytime of the year. Subtropical areas should sow seed once the soil has warmed in the spring.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://greenharvest.com.au/SeedOrganic/VegetableGrowingInformation/JicamaGrowingInformation.html )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pachyrhizus erosus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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